Nectar and nectaries.
Nectar is the sugary liquid bees collect from plants and will be developed after the honey. The part of the plant where the nectar is called nectaries and is inside and towards the base of the flowers, to a much lesser extent some plants have extrafloral nectaries.
In the bottom of the flower are tissues that have an accumulation of sugars that constitute a food reserve to be used after flowering in the early stages of fruit development, some of these substances are carried outwards in small droplets that are collected by bees.
Two phenomena are those that give rise to nectar
lot xylem sap.
many plant transpiration.
The root uptake of nutrients dissolved in water is called gross sap ascends woody vessels to the green parts where it is elevated and transformed through photosynthesis function in substances assimilated by plants (sap processed) .
Excess water that carries crude sap is eliminated through sweat during the day is intense and that at night is very limited, excess water can not be eliminated by transpiration is through the holes minimal called stomata forming droplets is very sugary nectar. A third phenomenon
takes place during the production of nectar is called osmotic pressure, thanks to her and the imbalance between the sugars that the plant itself promotes secretion is maintained, the presence of a very sweet liquid in the nectaries and other less sugar in the tissues near creates a difference in the level of sugar that tends to be matched but never achieved as a result giving the nectar secretion.
variations in the composition of nectar and the quantity exuded is very noticeable, changes in soil moisture and air are critical, you need a good soil moisture so that there is nectar. The air has a decisive influence, if the winds are dry causing great harm by contributing to the evaporation of nectar before it is used by bees, and temperate humid winds facilitate transpiration of plants to be loaded with moisture, thereby producing nectaries form continued.
High temperatures favor the production of nectar provided the air has sufficient moisture, but it favors the transpiration of the plant and the nectar flows in smaller amounts.
Bees can make a selection on certain nectars by the ease or difficulty to reach the nectar with their tongues, some flowers have difficulties "mechanics" to have deep corollas where only come equipped with long-tongued bees is the case of flowers with fused petals.
The chemical composition of pollen is very variable depending on plant type, season, weather, etc.. generally contains 30% carbohydrate, about 1% protein and minerals still being in such small amounts that are later given the characteristics of aroma, color, crystallization, and others typical of each kind of honey.
When circumstances favor the nectar production is renewed constantly and so after a bee brings together what is the plant starts soon out through the stomata of a new provision, it is recognized that just as the bee takes the nectar accumulated favors the production of more, since it accumulates on the ground indefinitely.
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